





All artwork is property of Randy Glasbergen
Infotainment - Racine, Wisconsin, USA






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here if you expect tropical breezes in January. I know that some people take frigid dips in lakes for various good causes on New Year’s Day, but I suspect that most of them will be warmly dressed and behind snow blowers or putting their backs to shovels over the next couple of days.Or at least the first five. The Kepler Space Telescope today announced its first five extrasolar planet discoveries at the American Astronomical Society meeting in Washington, DC. Kepler was launched March 6th, 2009 with the goal of finding Earth like planets orbiting other stars.
These first five planets, named 4b, 5b. 6b. 7b, and 8b (they skipped 1-3 since the first three detections were previously known planets that happened to be in Kepler's field of view) are not very Earth like. The smallest is about the size of Neptune and the largest are bigger than Jupiter. They all orbit very close to their stars with periods on the order of days. Their temperatures can be as high as a couple of thousand degrees Fahrenheit.
Since these planets pass in front of the stars, we can measure their diameters. Follow up measurements can give us their masses so we can find the densities of these planets. The most extreme world, Kepler 7b, has the density of styrofoam...for the entire planet!
It shouldn't surprise us that these are the types of planets Kepler finds first. It is easy to find big planets that orbit close to their stars. Finding planets that orbit farther from the star takes longer simply because they don't pass in front of the star nearly as often. As time goes on, Kepler will find more planets with lower masses, that orbit farther from their stars, and are more Earth like.
There are hundreds of signals Kepler has to follow up and see if they are planets or something else. The good news is that it is working well and that in a few years we will be one step closer to finding out how common planets like ours are.
Reprinted with permission from the Half-Astrophysicist Blog.
Here at the American Astronomical Society meeting in DC today, they unveiled a spectacular new Hubble image. Check this out.
Click to embiggen or go and download the really high res image. For even more fun, check out the zoomable version. This image was produced by a combination of two cameras on Hubble: The Advanced Camera for Surveys and the Wide Field Camera 3 (which was just installed earlier this year). Combining the different abilities of the two cameras lets you see more objects that cover a wider range of wavelengths.
This image represents a LOT of Hubble time...over 100 orbits of staring at the same little speck of sky. The payoff is getting this image of over 7500 galaxies dating back to the dawn of the Universe. At this point, we don't even talk distance anymore since the farthest we can see is 13.some billion light years. We have to talk about how much the light was redshifted. Look for the tiniest bits of red...those are the most distant galaxies. In this case, they are literally redshifted.
So much great stuff is happening at this meeting...wish I had more time to see it all and write about it!

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